Why Do Large Firms' Prices Anticipate Earnings Earlier than Small Firms' Prices?*

This paper presents evidence that the positive association between firm size and price leads of earnings is not solely a function of private search incentives for firm‐specific information. Specifically, we find that small‐firm prices also lag large‐firm prices with respect to industry‐wide information. Our empirical analysis extends Collins, Kothari, and Rayburn 1987 and Freeman 1987, who document that security‐price leads of earnings are positively associated with market capitalization. In particular, we examine the association between firm size and the timing of security returns for two components of annual earnings changes: the average change for a firm's industry and the firm's idiosyncratic change. We find that large firms' prices have a longer lead than small firms' prices with respect to both components. Large firms' early lead on industry‐wide earnings suggests that returns of large firms predict returns of same‐industry small firms. To test this implication, we construct a portfolio of long (short) positions in small firms when the prior month's returns of large firms in their industry are above (below) average for large firms in other industries. This zero investment portfolio earns 4.5 percent over 12 months.     

公司股东违反出资义务民事责任之探析

本文在分析股东出资义务的性质及其表现形式的基础上,重点论述了公司股东违反出资义务所应承担的民事责任。     

上市公司自愿性信息披露对提升公司价值的影响——基于我国证券市场的进一步验证

对于上市公司自愿性信息披露能否影响公司的价值,论文将采用托宾Q（Tobin＇sQ）作为衡量公司价值的指标,揭示中国上市公司自愿性战略信息披露、自愿性非财务信息披露、自愿性财务信息披露与公司价值的关系,本文将构建模型,并采集2005年度的数据进行进一步实证分析,结果表明：自愿性非财务信息披露水平对提升公司价值有显著的作用,竞争程度高的上市公司的自愿性信息披露对公司价值的影响更为显著。     

股份合作制企业若干法律问题研究评述

随着企业股份合作制改造的深入发展 ,实际操作中出现了许多不规范的问题 ,需要立法予以解决。本文拟就股份合作制在含义、所有制性质、法律属性、运作机制及一些立法问题方面 ,综述近三年内学者们的观点 ,并对立法提出建议。     

Relationship Between Human and Nature In America Literature

Nature is one of an important themes in America literature.This article mainly analyzes Ralph Emerson,Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne,Jack London,Ernest Hemingway and Robert Frost's different representative stylistic works on nature;inquires into nature's various forms in America literature,such as its personification,objectification,deification and so on;elaborates on its significant meanings;expounds and proves the relationship between and nature in different writer's works and points out nature's profound impact on human.     

Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of knowledge creation process

This study examines the relationships among entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge creation process, and firm performance using survey data from 165 entrepreneurs. We use LISREL analysis to test the direct and indirect effects of the entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance. Knowledge creation process - operationalized to reflect the dimensions of socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization - is used as the mediating variable for explaining the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. The results indicate that the significance of the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance is reduced when the indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation through knowledge creation process is included in a total effect model. Consequently, entrepreneurial orientation is positively related to firm performance, and knowledge creation process plays a mediating role in this relationship.     

THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW

Abstract.  New trends in studies on the governance of natural assets include substantial consideration of the role of voluntary initiatives. A traditional economic view states that there is a trade-off between being green and being competitive. According to that view, no voluntary environmental action is expected to occur. To undertake an in-depth analysis of the scope for voluntary action, this paper reviews empirical literature that analyzes the relationship between manufacturing firms' environmental initiatives or performance and economic results. This review moves beyond the general test of the 'pay to be green' hypothesis, preferring instead to systematize empirical results in more specific research questions. Empirical findings of the reviewed literature generally support that there is no penalty for being green. In addition, the typology of firms, the methods utilized for implementing environmental initiatives, the intensity of abatement efforts and stockholders' valuation of green firms have all been shown to have a sizeable influence on the actual economic results of environmental action or management. Consequently, the findings of this paper challenge the traditional strategic theory that predicts widespread free-riding; it holds major implications for environmental policy-making and environmental business decisions.     

Eco-efficiency and firm value

Eco-efficiency refers to a process that seeks to maximize the effectiveness of business processes while minimizing their impacts on the environment. Fundamental to eco-efficiency is adoption of a management philosophy that stimulates the search for environmental improvements that yield parallel economic benefits [President’s Council on Sustainable Development, 1996a. Sustainable America: A New Consensus for Prosperity, Opportunity, and a Healthy Environment. Government Printing Office, Washington DC; President’s Council on Sustainable Development, 1996b. Eco-efficiency: Task Force Report. Government Printing Office, Washington DC; World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), 2000. Eco-efficiency: Creating More Value with Less Input. Geneva]. Eco-efficiency is increased by activities that create economic value while continuously reducing ecological impacts and the use of natural resources [DeSimone, L., Popoff, F., 1997. Eco-efficiency: The Business Link To Sustainable Development. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA]. This study empirically examines the proposition that implementation of eco-efficient business strategies is associated with higher firm value. We posit that, firms which adopt eco-efficient business strategies and, as a consequence, achieve reduced costs and increased profits should be more highly valued by the market than similar firms that do not adopt eco-efficient business strategies. Our empirical testing supports this proposition.     

企业家前台化影响企业价值吗？——基于新浪微博的实证证据

互联网时代信息传递成本和沟通成本显著降低。微博作为自媒体的主要代表之一,为企业家从企业的幕后走向台前提供了一条便捷的途径。本文以信息传递理论为基础,利用新浪微博数据,检验了企业家前台化行为对企业价值的影响。实证结果表明:(1)企业家发布微博这一前台化行为有助于提升企业价值。从对价值影响的路径看,企业家微博发布后,企业经营活动现金流增加,系统性风险降低;(2)针对企业家微博进行文本分析,发现企业家微博中个性化微博比例越高、“艾特”人数越多或者微博内容中正向语调比例越高,对企业价值的正向影响越显著;(3)相对于信息不对称程度较低的企业,信息不对称程度较高的企业中企业家更倾向于发布微博。上述实证结果说明自媒体对缓解企业、企业家与投资者之间的信息不对称具有一定作用,为企业家前台化决策及路径选择提供了参考。     

大零岭自然保护区植物资源的开发利用

介绍了大零岭自然保护区植物资源的特点，分析了开发利用的方向，提出了利用和保护的建议。